.svg){kind=logo}
IDENTIFYING FACTORS SHAPING ARCHITECTURE OF RESIDENTIAL REDEVELOPMENT - APPLICATION OF FACTOR ANALYSIS MODEL IN ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH
Keywords:
redevelopment, multi-family housing, factor analysis.DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17654/0972361723068Abstract
The researchers in architecture domain are often intrigued by the role of various factors in shaping residential architecture. The researchers studying vernacular architecture, traditional architecture, housing in historic precincts and contemporary housing have often discussed how various factors affect the architecture of single-family housing. The architecture of multi-family housing, especially the architecture of redevelopment of multi-family housing, is seldom discussed in literature. Majority of research are qualitative owing to the nature of variables. This research aims to identify the factors that shape the architecture of redevelopment of multi-family housing. The research employs qualitative method to identify the variables at exploratory stage and quantitative method to extract the meaningful factors using factor analysis at the later stage. This research demonstrates application of factor analysis in architectural research. It also informs how literature study and exploratory research can be constructive in interpreting the results of factor analysis based on which the strongest and most appropriate solution of factor analysis can be selected for drawing conclusions. This research quantitatively brings forth these factors and this is a significant contribution of this research.
Received: November 22, 2022
Revised: October 2, 2023
Accepted: October 19, 2023
References
R. Ozaki, Housing as a reflection of culture: privatised living and privacy in England and Japan, Housing Studies 17(2) (2002), 209-227.
S. Alitajer and G. Nojoumi, Privacy at home: analysis of behavioral patterns in the spatial configuration of traditional and modern houses in the city of Hamedan based on the notion of space syntax, Frontiers of Architectural Research 5 (2016), 341-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2016.02.003.
S. Foster, Analysis of spatial patterns in buildings (access analysis) as an insight into social structure: examples from the Scottish Atlantic Iron Age, Antiquity 63(238) (1989), 40-50.
C. O. Osasona, From traditional residential architecture to the vernacular: the Nigerian experience, African Architecture Today’ Conference, Department of Architecture, KNUST, Ghana, 2007.
N. Dalkilic, The architectural analysis of traditional houses of Midyatmardin, Turkey, International Journal of Academic Research 4(2) (2012), 10-31.
S. Dhongde, Exploring the relationship between socio cultural factors and architecture a case of domestic architecture in nineteenth century Pune, Ph. D. Thesis, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India, 2018.
http://hdl.handle.net/10603/340335.
K. Xie and H. Shen, How social factors affect the design of new urban residences, International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling, 2015.
E. B. Aduwo and E. O. Ibem, Housing transformation in government constructed residential estates in Lagos Nigeria, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention 6(8) (2017), 13-22. www.ijhssi.org.
G. Gopinath and S. Y. Kulkarni, The impact of socio-cultural factors on the transformation of the residential architecture of Kerala, International Journal of Research (IJR) 1(5) (2014), 526-530.
A. Zrobek-Rozanska, E. Zysk and S. Zrobek, Overview of socio-economic transformations based on residential architecture in a suburban area - Case Study of Villages in the Polish Region of Warmia, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 245, 2017, pp. 042006. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/245/4/042006.
L. Etxepare, Residential architecture and developmentalism: a place and two contexts, structural repairs and maintenance of heritage architecture, XII 247, WIT Transactions, 2011. www.witpress.com.
A. S. Beavers, J. W. Lounsbury, J. K. Richards, Schuyler W. Huck, G. J. Skolits and S. L. Esquivel, Practical considerations for using exploratory factor analysis in educational research, Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation 18(6) (2013), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.7275/qv2q-rk76.
Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/pare/vol18/iss1/6.
J. T. Kellow, Exploratory factor analysis in two measurement journals: hegemony by default, Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 4(1) (2005), 283-287.
doi:10.22237/jmasm/1114907100.
Available at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/jmasm/vol4/iss1/25.
L. R. Fabrigar, D. T. Wegener, R. C. MacCallum and E. J. Strahan, Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research, Psychological Methods 4(3) (1999), 272-299. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.4.3.272.
R. K. Henson and J. K. Roberts, Use of exploratory factor analysis in published research: common errors and some comment on improved practice, Educational and Psychological Measurement 66(3) (2006), 393-416.
L. J. Burton and S. M. Mazerolle, Survey instrument validity part i: principles of survey instrument development and validation in athletic training education research, Athletic Training Education Journal 6(1) (2011), 27-35.
R. Pearson and D. Mundform, Recommended sample size for conducting exploratory factor analysis on dichotomous data, Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 9(2) (2010), 359-368. doi:10.22237/jmasm/1288584240.
R. C. MacCallum, K. F. Widaman, S. Zhang and S. Hong, Sample size in factor analysis, Psychological Methods 4 (1999), 84-89.
Z. Nathan, The Minimum Sample Size in Factor Analysis, L. Eldon, ed., 2009. Retrieved from http://eli.johogo.com/: http://eli.johogo.com/Class/FA-Size.htm.
D. N. Lawley and A. E. Maxwell, Factor Analysis as a Statistical Method, 2nd ed., Butterworths, London, 1971.
A. L. Comery and H. B. Lee, A First Course in Factor Analysis, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1992.
J. C. F. de Winter, D. Dodou and D. A. Wieringa, Exploratory factor analysis with small sample sizes, Multivariate Behavioral Research 44 (2009), 147-181. 10.1080/00273170902794206.
R. P. McDonald, Factor Analysis and Related Methods, 1st ed., Psychology Press, 1985. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315802510.
P. T. Barrett and P. Kline, The observation to variable ratio in factor analysis, Personality Study in Group Behavior 1 (1981), 23-33.
W. A. Arrindell and V. D. J. Ende, An empirical test of the utility of the observations-to-variables ratio in factor and components analysis, Applied Psychological Measurement 9 (1985), 165-178.
A. Yong and S. Pearce, A beginner’s guide to factor analysis: focusing on exploratory factor analysis, Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology 9(2) (2013), 79-94.
R. Pennell, The influence of communality and won the sampling distributions of factor loadings, Psychometrika 33 (1968), 423-439.
W. F. Velicer and J. L. Fava, Effects of variable and subject sampling on factor pattern recovery, Psychological Methods 3 (1998), 231-251.
R. MacCallum, K. Widaman, K. Preacher and S. Hong, Sample size in factor analysis: the role of model error, Multivariate Behavioral Research 36(6) (2001), 611-637. doi:10.1207/S15327906MBR3604_06.
H. Taherdoost, S. Sahibuddin and N. Jalalyoon, Exploratory factor analysis; concepts and theory, Advances in Applied and Pure Mathematics 27 (2014), 375-382. from https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02557344/document.
P. Schonemann, Power as a function of communality in factor analysis, Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 17(1) (1981), 57-60.
D. Child, The Essentials of Factor Analysis, 3rd ed., New York, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2006.
K. Y. Hogarty, C. V. Hines, J. D. Kromrey, J. M. Ferron and K. R. Mumford, The quality factor solutions in exploratory factor analysis: the influence of sample size, communality, and overdetermination, Educational and Psychological Measurement 65 (2005), 202-226.
P. Samuels, Advice on exploratory factor analysis, 2016.
doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.5013.9766.
A. Field, Discovering Statistics using SPSS, 4th ed., SAGE, London, 2013.
J. P. Stevens, Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences, 5th ed., Routledge, London, 2012.
B. G. Tabachnick and L. S. Fidell, Using Multivariate Statistics, 5th ed., Pearson Education Inc., Boston, MA, 2007.
M. S. Bartlett, Tests of significance in factor analysis, British Journal of Psychology 3(2) (1950), 77-85.
J. C. Hayton, D. G. Allen and V. Scarpello, Factor retention decisions in exploratory factor analysis: a tutorial on parallel analysis, Organizational Research Methods 7 (2004), 191-205.
J. Schonrock-Adema, M. Heijne-Penninga, E. A. van Hell and J. Cohen-Schotanus, Necessary steps in factor analysis: enhancing validation studies of educational instruments, The PHEEM applied to clerks as an example, Medical Teacher 31(6) (2009), E226-E232. https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590802516756.
A. B. Costello and J. W. Osborne, Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis, Practical Assessment Research and Evaluation 10(7) (2005), 1-9.
M. A. Pett, N. R. Lackey and J. J. Sullivan, Making Sense of Factor Analysis: The Use of Factor Analysis for Instrument Development in Health care Research, Sage Publications Inc., California, 2003.
J. D. Brown, Choosing the right type of rotation in PCA and EFA, Shiken: JALT Testing & Evaluation SIG Newsletter 13(3) (2009), 20-25.
J. Paul, After Covid lull, Ahmedabad societies put redevelopment on fast track, Nov. 2021. Available at
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/aftercovid-lull-abad-societies-put-redevelopment-on-fasttrack/articleshow/87654576.cms#:~:text =In%20September%202018%2C%20the%20state,a%20boost%20to%20 redevelopment%20projects. Accessed on 15/04/2022 at 13.04, 2021.
A. Sringeri, Redevelopment Projects in Bangalore, 2022, Available at https://www.proprepublic.com/redevelopment-projects-in-bangalore/.
The State Government of Maharashtra, Revised Redevelopment Direction dated 4th July 2019 issued U/S 79A of MCS Act, 1960, Marketing and Textiles Department, The Government of Maharashtra, 2019.
Y. Kim, Urban Housing Redevelopment: An analysis of the perception of vitality in apartment neighbourhood redevelopment in Korea, Ph. D. Thesis, The University of Michigan, United States of America, 2011.
Plaza Homes, Reconstruction of Japanese old apartment building - reason of rebuilding, planning and resolution, 2022. Available at
E. Heurkens, Sustainable urban redevelopment in the Netherlands, Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Real Estate, eds., W. Sara, D. Tim, M. Norm and S. Sarah, Routledge - Taylor & Francis Group, Abingdon, UK, 2018.
S. Pinnegar, B. Randolph and R. Freestone, Incremental urbanism: characteristics and implications of residential renewal through owner-driven demolition and rebuilding, The Town Planning Review 86(3) (2015), 279-301.
doi: 10.3828/tpr.2015.18.
J. W. Cresswell, Research Design-qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches, Sage Publications, 2009.
A. T. Abdulrahman and A. O. Abdulmohsen, Factor analysis to determine the actual causes that led to the spread of financial fraud, Advances and Applications in Statistics 79 (2022), 11-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17654/0972361722057.
L. J. Cronbach, Coefficient alpha and the interval structure of tests, Psychometrika 16 (1951), 297-334.
A. T. Abdulrahman and N. S. Alshammari, Factor analysis and regression analysis to find out the influencing factors that led to the countries’ debt crisis, Advances and Applications in Statistics 78 (2022), 1-16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.17654/0972361722047.
P. H. Rossi, Why Families Move: A Study in the Social Psychology of Urban Residential Mobility, Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1955.
P. Crowther, Designing for disassembly to extend service life and increase sustainability: architectural disassembly, 8th International Conference Durability of Building Materials and Components, NRC-CNRC, Vancouver, Canada, 1999.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Pushpa Publishing House, Prayagraj, India
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
____________________________
Attribution: Credit Pushpa Publishing House as the original publisher, including title and author(s) if applicable.
No Derivatives: Modifying or creating derivative works not allowed without written permission.
Contact Pushpa Publishing House for more info or permissions.
Journal Impact Factor: 
