Far East Journal of Mathematical Sciences (FJMS)

The Far East Journal of Mathematical Sciences (FJMS) publishes original research papers and survey articles in pure and applied mathematics, statistics, mathematical physics, and other related fields. It welcomes application-oriented work as well.

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POTENTIAL THEORY OF BIHARMONIC FUNCTIONS ON RIEMANN SURFACES

Authors

  • Ibtesam Bajunaid

Keywords:

biharmonic functions and bipotentials on Riemann surfaces, biharmonic Green functions

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17654/0972087126032

Abstract

This note develops a potential theory of biharmonic functions defined on parabolic or hyperbolic Riemann surfaces. The novel feature is that the proofs do not make explicit use of derivatives of functions on the surfaces. A classification theory of Riemann surfaces based on the properties of biharmonic functions and bipotentials is introduced.

Received: October 24, 2025
Accepted: December 18, 2025

References

[1] V. Ahlfors and L. Sario, Riemann Surfaces, Princeton University Press, 1966.

[2] V. Anandam, Espaces harmoniques sans potentiel positif, Ann. Inst. Fourier 22 (1972), 97-160.

[3] M. Brelot, Étude des fonctions sousharmoniques au voisinage d’un point, Hermann, Paris, 1934.

[4] C. Constantinescu and A. Cornea, Idéale Ränder Riemannsher Flächen, Springer-Verlag, 1963.

[5] O. Forster, Lectures on Riemann Surfaces, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Springer, 81, 1981.

[6] H. Kurata and M. Yamasaki, Discrete multiharmonic Green functions, Mem. Gra. Sci. Eng. Shimane University 54 (2021), 1-14.

[7] M. Nicolesco, Les Fonctions Polyharmoniques, Hermann, Paris, 1936.

[8] A. Pfluger, Theorie der Riemannscher Flächen, Springer-Verlag, 89, 1957.

[9] B. Rodin and L. Sario, Principal Functions, Springer, New York, 1968.

[10] M. Tsuji, Potential Theory in Modern Function Theory, Tokyo, 1959.

[11] M. Yamasaki, Biharmonic Green function of an infinite network, Mem. Fac. Sci. Shimane University 14 (1980), 55-62.

[12] L. Sario and M. Nakai, Classification Theory of Riemann Surfaces, Springer, 1970.

Published

2026-01-02

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

POTENTIAL THEORY OF BIHARMONIC FUNCTIONS ON RIEMANN SURFACES. (2026). Far East Journal of Mathematical Sciences (FJMS), 143(2), 549-561. https://doi.org/10.17654/0972087126032